Sustainability
Decarbonization, circular economy, and supply chain due diligence
India-EU FTA Sets Up CBAM Annexure
The India-EU FTA concluded in January 2026, covering a combined $24 trillion market with 99.5% of India's exports gaining preferential access. Reports say it also includes a dedicated CBAM annexure covering EU-approved verification bodies and SME capacity building.
CBAM Strengthening: EU Council Agrees on Downstream Expansion
On June 12, 2026, the Council of the EU agreed to extend the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) to certain downstream products and to strengthen anti-circumvention measures. Following the December 2025 Commission proposal, Parliament's plenary adoption is expected in September 2026, with final legislation likely in late 2026 to 2027.
ESG Acronyms: Quick Guide
A practical guide to 55 sustainability acronyms, including CBAM, SSBJ, TCFD, TNFD, and ESRS, organized across eight areas with formal names, legal status, timing, and manufacturing impact.
World Bank: Carbon Pricing Trends 2026 and Market Growth
The World Bank says 87 carbon pricing tools now cover 29% of global GHG emissions, with 2025 government revenue above $107 billion.
CBAM Guide: Scope and Certificates
CBAM entered full application in January 2026 for steel, aluminum, fertilizers, cement, hydrogen, and electricity. This guide covers authorized declarants, EU ETS-linked certificates, the 50t de minimis exemption, the first annual declaration deadline on September 30, 2027, certificate sales from February 2027, Omnibus simplification, late-2025 implementing rules, and third-country carbon price deductions.
Germany: €5B CCfD Scheme for Industrial Decarbonization
In spring 2026, the European Commission formally approved €5 billion in state aid for Germany's industrial decarbonization program 'Klimaschutzverträge (Climate Protection Contracts).' Targeting three sectors where European carbon costs weigh most heavily — steel, chemicals, and cement — the scheme's core mechanism addresses the barriers that prevent companies from committing to decarbonization investments.
CBAM: Practical Data Flow and Declaration Steps for EU
While EU importers bear the direct obligation to file under the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), Japanese manufacturers are responsible for calculating and providing embedded emissions data. This article systematically organizes roles by stakeholder, declaration workflows, and submission data requirements from a practical standpoint—covering quarterly reporting during the transitional period through annual declarations and certificate surrender from 2026 onward.
CBAM: India Aluminum Exports Fall 41.7% on Carbon Costs
Following the full enforcement of the EU CBAM, India's unalloyed aluminum exports to the EU fell 41.7% in a single year. Drawing on the first quantitative data showing carbon costs materializing as real trade costs, we examine the structural risks now facing manufacturers.
SSBJ & CBAM: Dual 2026 Mandate for Disclosure/Carbon Cost
SSBJ disclosure and CBAM carbon costs both take effect in 2026. Shared supply chain emissions data will determine response efficiency.
CBAM: Carbon Cost Guide for Japan Steel and Chemical Firms
The EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) entered full implementation in January 2026. With six sectors covered — steel, aluminum, fertilizers, cement, hydrogen, and electricity — Japanese exporters face requirements to calculate and declare embedded emissions. This article examines the current state of compliance and the key practical issues at stake.