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Research Notes

Sector analysis of market structure, technology shifts, and corporate strategy — grounded in verified facts.

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6 results — category: Practical Guide — tag: data center Clear filter

Practical Guide

DC Metrics: PUE and WUE

A guide to data center efficiency metrics: The Green Grid's PUE, WUE, Partial PUE, waste heat reuse, and the xUE family including PUE/WUE/CUE.

Data Center PowerPUEWUE

Practical Guide

48V/400V/800V DC Power Compared

Compare in-rack 48V DC with +/-400V and 800V DC(HVDC), covering current, losses, power density, OCP, and NVIDIA's roadmap.

Data Center Power800VDCpower architecture

Practical Guide

Why Data Center Transformers Take So Long

Primary sources explain why transformer lead times delay AI data-center energization. Large transformer lead times doubled from about 50 weeks in 2021 to an average 120 weeks in 2024, prices rose 80%, and one U.S. manufacturer disclosed a five-year wait for new orders. CISA, DOE, and NERC show the three barriers: custom production, interconnection queues, and new large-load rules.

Data Center Powertransformergrid interconnection

Practical Guide

Data centers: 800V DC pros and cons

A quick guide to 800V DC power for AI data centers: up to 5% efficiency gain, fewer PSUs, higher density, and DC protection hurdles.

Data Center Power800VDCdata center

Practical Guide

DLC vs. immersion: data-center liquid cooling

A quick guide to data-center liquid cooling, split into direct liquid cooling(DLC/direct-to-chip) and immersion cooling(single-phase and two-phase). It explains cold-plate local heat removal, dielectric immersion, applicability, maintenance differences, and selection criteria based on primary and academic sources.

Data Center Powerliquid coolingdata center

Practical Guide

OCP Diablo: sidecar power racks

OCP's Diablo sidecar power-rack concept moves from in-rack 48V DC to ±400/800V DC to support 100kW to 1MW AI racks.

Data Center PowerOCP800VDC