Research Notes

Scope 3 Primary Data Collection in Practice: What to Gather from Suppliers and How

Supply chain emissions are estimated to be 11.4 times greater on average than direct operational emissions. Drawing on the GHG Protocol Supplier Engagement Guidance and the Ministry of the Environment Guide (v1.0), this article organizes who to collect primary data from, what to collect, and how far down the supply chain to go. Covers tier structure, the top-concentration principle, and approaches for small and medium-sized suppliers.